Numeric Functions¶

Summary¶

Function	Description
`abs(n)`	Absolute value
`ceil(n)` / `ceiling(n)`	Round up
`floor(n)`	Round down
`round(n)`	Round to nearest
`sign(n)`	Sign (-1, 0 or 1)
`sqrt(n)`	Square root
`log(n)` / `ln(n)`	Natural logarithm
`log10(n)`	Base-10 logarithm
`power(b, x)` / `pow(b, x)`	b raised to the power x
`exp(n)`	e raised to the power n
`log2(n)`	Base-2 logarithm
`sin(n)`, `cos(n)`, `tan(n)`	Trigonometric functions
`asin(n)`, `acos(n)`, `atan(n)`	Inverse trigonometric
`atan2(y, x)`	Two-argument arctangent
`degrees(n)`	Radians to degrees
`radians(n)`	Degrees to radians
`pi()`	Pi constant
`e()`	Euler's number
`rand()` / `random()`	Random float [0, 1)
`cardinality(list)`	Number of elements in a list (alias for `size`)

Rounding¶

RETURN abs(-42)          -- 42
RETURN ceil(3.2)         -- 4
RETURN ceiling(3.2)      -- 4 (alias)
RETURN floor(3.8)        -- 3
RETURN round(3.5)        -- 4
RETURN sign(-42)         -- -1
RETURN sign(0)           -- 0
RETURN sign(42)          -- 1

Power¶

RETURN power(2, 10)      -- 1024.0
RETURN pow(9, 0.5)       -- 3.0 (square root)

Logarithmic and Exponential¶

RETURN sqrt(16)          -- 4.0
RETURN log(e())          -- 1.0
RETURN ln(e())           -- 1.0 (alias)
RETURN log10(1000)       -- 3.0
RETURN log2(8)           -- 3.0
RETURN exp(1)            -- 2.718281828...

Trigonometric¶

All trigonometric functions work in radians.

RETURN sin(pi() / 2)    -- 1.0
RETURN cos(0)            -- 1.0
RETURN tan(pi() / 4)     -- ~1.0

-- Inverse
RETURN asin(1)           -- ~1.5708 (pi/2)
RETURN acos(1)           -- 0.0
RETURN atan(1)           -- ~0.7854 (pi/4)
RETURN atan2(1, 1)       -- ~0.7854 (pi/4)

-- Convert between degrees and radians
RETURN degrees(pi())     -- 180.0
RETURN radians(180)      -- ~3.14159

Constants¶

RETURN pi()              -- 3.14159265...
RETURN e()               -- 2.71828182...

Random¶

Returns a random float between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive):

-- Random value
RETURN rand()

-- Random sampling: get ~10% of nodes
MATCH (n:Person)
WHERE rand() < 0.1
RETURN n.name

-- Random ordering
MATCH (p:Person)
RETURN p.name
ORDER BY rand()
LIMIT 5

Cardinality¶

cardinality(list) returns the number of elements in a list. It is an alias for size().

MATCH (p:Person)
RETURN p.name, cardinality(p.hobbies) AS num_hobbies

Arithmetic Operators¶

GQL supports standard arithmetic operators on numeric values:

Operator	Description
`+`	Addition
`-`	Subtraction
`*`	Multiplication
`/`	Division
`%`	Modulo (remainder)
`-n`	Unary negation
`+n`	Unary identity

MATCH (p:Person)
RETURN p.name,
    p.salary * 12 AS annual,
    p.salary * 12 * 0.7 AS after_tax,
    p.bonus % 1000 AS remainder